Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security ISSN:2466-1147(Print) 2508-285X(Online) 한국방재안전학회 논문집

This study was conducted to prevent campsite safety accidents, which have emerged as a social issue along with the rapid increase in camping demand following the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the number of campsites has been growing quickly nationwide, institutional and facility-based safety management systems have not been sufficiently established to support this expansion. In practice, various accidents such as fires, carbon monoxide poisoning, electrical leakage, gas explosions, facility collapses, heavy rainfall, and rockfalls have occurred repeatedly. In particular, the Yeongdong region of Gangwon Province, which has many mountains and valleys, experiences sudden weather changes more frequently than other regions, making the risk of accidents considerably higher. Against this background, the study aimed to systematically identify the risk factors of campsite safety accidents and to quantitatively assess their relative importance by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), thereby suggesting directions for institutional improvement. The research procedure began with a review of relevant legislation, including Annex 7 of the Enforcement Rules of the Tourism Promotion Act and ordinances of Gangwon Special Self-Governing Province, as well as previous studies. Based on this review, a hierarchical structure was established, consisting of five main categories—fire, ventilation and suffocation, electricity, user behavior, and site/structural environment—and 25 detailed sub-criteria. Subsequently, pairwise comparison surveys were conducted with a total of 60 respondents, comprising 20 experts, 20 operators, and 20 users. The collected responses were aggregated using the geometric mean to calculate group-specific weights. Data processing and matrix operations were performed using Microsoft Excel and a self-developed computer program, and the consistency ratio (CR) was verified to ensure the rationality of the responses. The overall analysis results indicated that electrical safety and public facility issues were identified as the top risk factors, followed by fire occurrence and spread, and ventilation and suffocation risks. By contrast, factors such as insufficient safety in children’s playgrounds and the legal restriction on campsite electricity use (600 W) were evaluated as relatively less significant. However, these factors were found to contain latent vulnerabilities, not because the actual risk was low, but because the perceived level of danger was underestimated. This study has academic significance in that it moves beyond case-based and qualitative approaches by applying the AHP method to quantitatively derive the priorities of campsite safety accident risk factors. Furthermore, by conducting an empirical analysis focusing on the Yeongdong region of Gangwon Province, the study provides valuable policy implications for region-specific institutional improvements. The findings are expected to serve as essential reference material for practical policymaking, including the reinforcement of campsite registration and operation systems, strengthening local government safety inspections, and systematizing user safety education.