All Issue

2020 Vol.13, Issue 2

Original Article

Flooding Risk under Climate Change of Fast Growing Cities in Vietnam

베트남 급성장 도시지역의 기후변화 홍수재해 위험성 분석

So Yoon Kim1
,
Byoung Jae Lee2*
,
Jongso Lee3
김 소윤1
,
이 병재2*
,
이 종소3
1Assistant Research Fellow, National Territorial Environment & Resources Research Division, KRIHS
2Associate Research Fellow, Global Development Partnership Center, KRIHS
3Associate Research Fellow, National Territorial Environment & Resources Research Division, KRIHS
1국토연구원 국토환경‧자원연구본부 연구원
2국토연구원 글로벌개발협력센터 책임연구원
3국토연구원 국토환경‧자원연구본부 책임연구원
*Corresponding Author
30 June 2020. pp. 1-9
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Vietnamese cities have a high risk of flooding under climate change due to their geographical characteristics. In this situation, the urban area is expanding with rapid growth of urban population. However, the risk of flooding is increasing due to the increase in impermeable areas and insufficient infrastructure. This study analyzed the urban expansion trend at the national level in Vietnam for the past 10 years (2007-2017) by using the Urban Expansion Intensity Index. Also, this study selected Hue City as a region with a large impact of climate change and a rapid expansion and found the possibility of flooding in the urban expansion area. The result showed that cities have been expanded around major cities in the Red River Delta, Mekong Delta, and coastal areas. In the case of Hue City, the area with fast expansion rate has a higher expected flood area. It implies that the risk of flood disasters may increase if the urabn expansion is carried out without disaster prevention measures. It is expected that Korean urban disaster prevention policies such as urban climate change disaster vulnerability analysis system will be helpful in establishing urban plans considering climate change in the fast growing regions such as Vietnam.

Keywords
Disaster vulnerability
Fast growing city
Urban expansion intensity index
Vietnam
Disaster prevention urban planning

베트남의 도시들은 지리적 특성으로 인해 기후변화에 따른 홍수 위험성이 높은 상황인데, 빠르게 도시지역이 확장됨에 따라 홍수위험성은 더욱 가중되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시확장강도지수를 활용하여 지난 10년간(2007년-2017년) 베트남 국가차원에서의 도시확장 추세를 확인한 후, 기후변화 영향이 크고 확장속도가 빠른 지역으로서 후에시를 선정하여 홍수발생가능성을 확인하였다. 그 결과 홍강델타, 메콩델타, 해안지역의 주요 도시 주변으로 확장되었으며, 후에시의 경우 확장속도가 빠른 지역일수록 예상침수면적이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 향후에 홍수재해 위험성이 더욱 커질 수 있음을 의미한다. 재해취약성분석 제도 등 국내의 도시방재정책은 베트남 급성장지역에서 기후변화를 고려한 도시계획 수립 시 도움이 될 것이다.

키워드
재해취약성
급성장지역
도시확장강도
베트남
도시방재정책
References
1
ADB. (2013). Viet Nam: Environment and Climate Change Assessment. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.
2
Bangalore, M., Smith, A., and Veldkamp, T. (2017). Exposure to Floods, Climate Change, and Poverty in Vietnam. The World Bank.
10.1596/1813-9450-7765
3
Chang, H. J., Lee, H. J., and Lee, H. S. (2019). Regionalization of Conceptual Rainfall-Runoff Model to Simulate Runoff Induced by Typhoons. Korea Society of Disaster and Security. 12(4): 63-72.
4
Choi, C. I. (2004). A Empirical Study on the Urban Flood Vulnerability by Urbanization Using Panel Data : In Case of Kyonggi Province. The Korea Spatial Planning Review. 42: 17-37.
5
Dutta, D., Khatun, F., and Herath, S. (2005). Analysis of flood vulnerability of urban buildings and population in Hanoi, Vietnam. Seisan Kenkyu. 57(4): 338-342.
6
Duy, P. N., Chapman, L., Tight, M., Linh, P. N., and Thuong, L. V. (2018). Increasing Vulnerability to Floods in New Development Areas: Evidence from Ho Chi Minh City. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management.
10.1108/IJCCSM-12-2016-0169
7
Eckstein, D., Künzel, V., Schäfer, L., and Winges, M. (2019). Global Climate Risk Index 2020. Germanwatch.
8
Ha, G. J. and Jung, J. C. (2017). The Impact of Urbanization and Precipitation on Flood damages. Journal of Korea Planning Association. 52(4): 237-252.
10.17208/jkpa.2017.08.52.4.237
9
Kang, S. J. (2016). Analysis of Developed Area Expansion and Fragmentation Changes - Focused on the Gangwon Region. Urban Design. 17(6): 5-16.
10
Kang, S. J. and Kwon, T. J. (2017). Spatial Relations of the Urban Expansion Intensity and Flooded Buildings. Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers. 37(4): 759-764.
11
Lee, B. J. and Kim, S. Y. (2019). Roles of Urban Planning to Prevent Climate Change Disaster in Vietnam. Crisisonomy. 15(10): 61-73.
10.14251/crisisonomy.2019.15.10.61
12
Lee, H. Y. (2014). Climate Change Vulnerability in Developing Countries and Challenges to Address Climate Change. Journal of Environmental Studies. 53: 95-101.
13
Lee, J. W., Yoon, C. R., and Yu, Y. M. (2011). A Study on Geographical Analysis of Natural Disaster and Disaster Risk Management in Vietnam on Viewpoint of International Cooperation. The Geographical Journal of Korea. 45(2): 265-278.
14
Lee, S. E., Lee, B. J., Lee, J. S., and Kim, S. Y. (2018). Development of the Urban Flooding Risk Prevention SystemⅢ. Korea Research Institute for Human Settlement.
15
Nhu, O. L., Thuy, N. T. T., Wilderspin, I., and Coulier, M. (2011). A Preliminary Analysis of Flood and Storm Disaster Data in Vietnam. United Nations Development Programme.
16
Razafindrabe, B. H., Kada, R., Arima, M., and Inoue, S. (2014). Analyzing Flood Risk and Related Impacts to Urban Communities in Central Vietnam. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. 19(2): 177-198.
10.1007/s11027-012-9433-z
17
Ryu, J. E., Hwang, J. H., Lee, J. H., Chung, H. I., Lee, K. I., Choi, Y. Y., Joo, Y. E., Sung, M. J., Jang, R. I., Sung, H. C., Jeon, S. W., and Kang, J. Y. (2017). Analysis of Changes in Forest According to Urban Expansion Pattern and Morphological Features. Korean Journal of Remote Sensing. 33(5): 835-854.
18
Shin, S. Y. and Park, C. Y. (2014). Analyzing Relationships between Land Use Characteristics and Flood Damage Areas : The Case of Seoul. The Korea Spatial Planning Review. 81: 3-20.
10.15793/kspr.2014.81..001
19
Tran, P., Friend, R., MacClune, K., and Henceroth, J. (2016). Building Urban Climate Resilience: Experiences from Vulnerability Assessment in Hue City, Viet Nam. In Sustainable Development and Disaster Risk Reduction. Sustainable Development and Disaster Risk Reduction. 57-69.
10.1007/978-4-431-55078-5_426715611
20
VUPDA (2018). Basic Data Construction for Development and Utilization of Vietnam Urban Flooding Prevention Aid System. Hanoi, Vietnam: Vietnam Urban Planning and Development Association.
21
World Bank (2012). Vietnam Urban Briefs : Disaster Risks in the Urban Environment. World Bank: Washington DC, USA.

Korean References Translated from the English

1
강상준 (2016). 도시의 시가화지역 확장과 파편화 변화분석-강원지역을 중심으로. 한국도시설계학회지. 17(6): 5-16.
2
강상준, 권태정 (2017). 도시확장강도와 건물침수의 공간적 관계성. 대한토목학회논문집. 37(4): 759-764.
3
류지은, 황진후, 이준희, 정혜인, 이경일, 최유영, 주용언, 성민준, 장래익, 성현찬, 전성우, 강진영 (2017). 도시의 공간 확장 및 형태적 특징에 따른 산림녹지의 변화 분석. 대한원격탐사학회지. 33(5): 835-854.
4
신상영, 박창열 (2014). 토지이용 특성과 침수피해면적 간의 관계 분석: 서울시를 사례로. 국토연구. 81: 3-20.
10.15793/kspr.2014.81..001
5
이병재, 김소윤 (2019). 베트남 기후변화 재해에 대한 도시 계획적 예방대책 실태 분석 연구. Crisisonomy. 15(10): 61-73.
10.14251/crisisonomy.2019.15.10.61
6
이상은, 이병재, 이종소, 김슬예 (2018). 도시 침수지역 및 영향권 분석을 통한 재난안전 정책지원 시스템 구현Ⅲ. 세종: 국토연구원.
7
이자원, 윤초롱, 유영민 (2011). 재해대응 국제협력의 관점에서 본 베트남 자연재해의 지리적 특성과 재난관리에 관한 연구. 국토지리학회지. 45(2): 265-278.
8
이희연 (2014). 개발도상국의 기후변화 취약성 실태와 기후변화 대응 과제. 환경논총. 53: 95-101.
9
장형준, 이호진, 이효상 (2019). 태풍 발생 시 유출량 산정을 위한 개념적 강우-유출 모형의 지역화 연구. 한국방재안전학회논문집. 12(4): 63-72.
10
최충익 (2004). 도시화에 따른 수해 취약성에 관한 실증분석. 국토연구. 42: 17-37.
11
하경준, 정주철 (2017). 도시화와 강우량이 도시홍수 피해에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. 국토계획. 52(4): 237-252.
10.17208/jkpa.2017.08.52.4.237
Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Disaster and Security
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국방재안전학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국방재안전학회 논문집
  • Volume : 13
  • No :2
  • Pages :1-9
  • Received Date : 2020-06-04
  • Revised Date : 2020-06-16
  • Accepted Date : 2020-06-19
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.21729/ksds.2020.13.2.1
Journal Informaiton Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
Online submission
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • KCI 문헌 유사도 검사
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close