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2020 Vol.13, Issue 4

Original Article

Australia’s Water Management Policies and Implications in Response to Climate Change

기후변화에 대응한 호주의 물관리 정책과 시사점

Jong Wook Lee1
,
Tae Sun Park2
,
Seung Yeon Lee3
,
Seung Oh Lee4*
이 종욱1
,
박 태선2
,
이 승연3
,
이 승오4*
1Murray-Darling Basin Authority Director, Hydrologic Applications, MDBA
2Senior Researcher, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements
3Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Hongik University
4Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Hongik University
1Murray-Darling Basin Authority Director, Hydrologic Applications, MDBA
2국토연구원 선임연구위원
3홍익대학교 토목공학과 석사과정
4홍익대학교 토목공학과 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2020. pp. 1-12
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Abstract

Recently, as the extreme drought continued due to the reckless development and the dramatical climate change, national concern about the water management issues has been increased rapidly around the world, especially in Korea. Meanwhile, it is necessary to analyze and review the related cases in Australia, where they have developed the consistently, eco-friendly and systematically management from the national level, which is similar to that of Korea in difficult circumstances. Australia has been suffered by repeated droughts and floods due to low rainfall and dryness, and water disputes were begun with immigrant settlement in the 1890s. In the early days, water management agreements for efficient distribution of water resources, water use regulation programs, and federal water laws were enacted, and now the established water management system in which development and conservation are assumed to be well balanced. In Korea, however, in the past, the Ministry of Environment was responsible for water quality issues while the quantity was managed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, and the main local departments for water management were divided. Therefore, it was difficult to manage the integrated water management due to problems such as duplicated works, excessive investments, and inefficiency. To resolve this situation, in 2018, all water management functions were unified, such as enacting the fundamental water-related laws, thereby laying the foundation for the integrated water management system for each basin. From 2019, even the integrated water management system was implemented, we are promoting the effect of sustainable water resource management. In order to establish a management policy for efficient and eco-friendly water management, the IWRM (Integrated Water Resource Management) of Australia, which has been devised in various ways, was analyzed and compared with the present situations and cases occurred in Korea, and the implications from this study would be suggested the future of IWRM in Korea.

Keywords
IWRM
Water management
Australia
Climate change

최근까지 무분별한 수자원 개발과 심각해지는 기후변화로 인한 극심한 가뭄이 지속되면서 물관리 문제에 대해서 관심이 급증하였다. 국내와 유사한 환경 아래 국가 차원에서 일관되고 친환경적이며 체계적으로 관리를 하고 있는 호주의 정책에 대한 분석과 사례검토가 필요하다. 호주는 강우량이 작고 건조하여 가뭄과 홍수가 반복되는 수자원적 특징을 가지고 있으며 1890년대부터 이민자 정착으로 물분쟁이 시작되었다. 일찍이 수자원의 효율적인 분배를 위한 물관리 협약, 물 사용량 규제 프로그램, 연방물법 제정 등이 이루어졌고 현재는 개발과 보전이 균형적으로 이루어지는 물관리 체계를 이루고 있다. 한편 우리나라는 과거 수질은 환경부, 수량은 국토부가 담당하여 물관리의 주무부처가 이분화되어 업무의 중복, 과도한 투자, 비효율 등의 문제로 통합적인 물관리가 어려웠다. 이를 해결하고자 2018년에는 물관련 기본법을 제정하는 등 물관리 기능이 일원화되면서 유역 단위 통합물관리 체계의 기틀이 마련되었고 2019년부터는 유역 단위의 통합물관리 체계를 수행하는 등 통합물관리를 바탕으로 지속 가능한 수자원 관리 효과를 도모하고 있다. 효율적이고 친환경적인 물관리를 위한 관리 정책 수립을 위해 여러 방안으로 강구해온 호주의 IWRM (Integrated Water Resource Management)와 우리나라의 현황과 사례를 비교해보았고 앞으로 나아가야 할 우리나라의 시사점을 제시하였다.

키워드
통합물관리
물관리
호주
기후변화
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Disaster and Security
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국방재안전학회
  • Journal Title :Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국방재안전학회 논문집
  • Volume : 13
  • No :4
  • Pages :1-12
  • Received Date : 2020-10-04
  • Revised Date : 2020-12-01
  • Accepted Date : 2020-12-14
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.21729/ksds.2020.13.4.1
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